The Institute for Justice (“IJ”) is a nonprofit, public interest law center committed to defending the essential foundations of a free society through securing greater protection for individual liberty and restoring constitutional limits on the power of governing, including holding individual public officials liable for their constitutional wrongdoing.

The Cato Institute is a nonpartisan public policy research foundation dedicated to advancing the principles of individual liberty, free markets, and limited government. Cato’s Project on Criminal Justice focuses on the scope of criminal liability, the proper and effective role of police in their communities, citizen participation in the criminal justice system, and accountability for law enforcement.

The American Civil Liberties Union Foundation (“ACLU”) is a nationwide, nonprofit, nonpartisan organization dedicated to the principles of liberty and equality embodied in the Constitution and this nation’s civil-rights laws. The ACLU of Colorado is one of its statewide affiliates.

Amici’s interest in this case arises from, among other things, qualified immunity’s deleterious effect on the ability of people to vindicate their constitutional rights, including the well-established right to record police officers in performance of their duties.