Topic: Health Care

How NPR Lets You Know Which Political Philosophies Are Acceptable

NPR asked libertarian, vegan, author, and Whole Foods CEO John Mackey whether ObamaCare is a form of socialism. Mackey responded, thoughtfully:

Technically speaking, it’s more like fascism. Socialism is where the government owns the means of production. In fascism, the government doesn’t own the means of production, but they do control it — and that’s what’s happening with our health care programs and these reforms.

Mackey then discussed how Whole Foods is working with Michelle Obama to improve Americans’ diets. The story on NPR’s web site closes with this paragraph:

So our question to you, dear readers, is this: How big a role does a business leader’s personal philosophy play in your decision to buy products from his or her company? Tell us in the comments section below.

That’s funny. NPR didn’t ask its dear readers to comment on the politics of health insurance giant CIGNA’s CEO after he praised the Supreme Court’s decision not to strike down the law, or said, “I don’t believe focusing on repeal right now is in anybody’s best interest.” Or on Aetna’s CEO after he advocated tax increases and gobbling up as many ObamaCare subsidies as his company could. Hmm.

The Good, Bad, and Ugly of the Obamacare Ruling

The Texas Review of Law and Politics has just published as a law review article an expanded, annotated version of the speech I’ve been giving all over the country regarding the Supreme Court’s ruling in NFIB v. Sebelius.  The title, which I hope will hold up with the passage of time, is “Like Eastwood Talking to a Chair: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly of the Obamacare Ruling.”  Here’s the abstract:

The constitutional challenge to Obamacare was a case that comes along once every generation, if not less often. Not because it could affect a presidential election or was otherwise politically significant, but because it reconsidered so many aspects of our constitutional first principles: the fundamental relationships between citizens and the government and between the states and the federal government; the role of the judiciary in saying what the law is and checking the political branches; and the scope of and limits to all three branches’ powers. This case was not about the state of health care in America or how to fix this troubled area of public policy. It was instead about how to read our nation’s basic law and whether Congress was constitutionally authorized to use the tools it used in this particular instance.

Anyone reading this article will already know at least the basic outline of the Supreme Court’s ruling. As I wrote on the leading Supreme Court blog in the wake of the decision, those who challenged the law won everything but the case. That is, the Supreme Court adopted all of our legal theories regarding the scope of federal regulatory authority and yet Obamacare stands. This article explains and elaborates on those basic points, the good (Commerce Clause, Necessary & Proper Clause, Spending Clause), the bad (the taxing power), and the ugly (John Roberts’s reasoning and motivations).

In sum, the Constitution’s structural provisions — federalism, separation and enumeration of powers, checks and balances — aren’t just a dry exercise in political theory, but a means to protect individual liberty from the concentrated power of popular majorities. Justice Kennedy said it best in summarizing the joint dissent from the bench: “Structure means liberty.” If Congress can avoid the Constitution’s structural limits by “taxing” inactivity, its power is no more limited and liberty no better protected than if it were allowed to regulate at will under the Commerce Clause. The ultimate lesson to draw from this two-year legal seminar, then, is that the proper role of judges is to apply the Constitution regardless of whether it leads to upholding or striking down legislation. And a correct application of the Constitution inevitably rests on the Madisonian principles of ordered liberty and limited government that the document embodies.

As should be clear from this article, I’m still not over the ruling – by recognizing that Obamacare was unconstitutional but shying away from striking it down, John Roberts fundamentally shook my faith in our system of justice – and probably never will be.

The Obama Administration’s Illegal Health Care Taxes: an Update

There have been several developments with respect to the Obama administration’s attempt to impose the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act’s employer-mandate penalties and individual-mandate penalties where it has no authority to do so.

My coauthor Jonathan Adler and I have posted an updated and final draft of our forthcoming Health Matrix article, “Taxation Without Representation: The Illegal IRS Rule to Expand Tax Credits Under the PPACA,” to the Social Sciences Research Network web site. This draft contains additional evidence that Congress did indeed intend to restrict the Act’s tax credits, cost-sharing subsidies, employer mandate penalties, and (to a certain extent) individual mandate penalties to states that establish their own health insurance Exchanges. It also shows how recent arguments advanced by defenders of the rule cannot be reconciled with the statute or the legislative history. If you’re interested in this issue, you’ll want to read this draft, even if you’ve already read previous versions.

In the Winter issue of Regulation magazine, University of Missouri law professor Thomas Lambert shows how this feature of the Act, combined with the Supreme Court’s ruling in NFIB v. Sebelius and other features, make the law so dangerously unstable that repeal remains a distinct possibility. I plan to blog more about this article soon.

A private employer has petitioned a federal court in Oklahoma to be added as a plaintiff in that state’s lawsuit against the IRS rule.

The December 2012 Harvard Law Review notes that the IRS rule “may provide a useful opportunity for a reviewing court to clarify the major questions exception to Chevron. In several cases since 2000, the Supreme Court has refused to defer to an agency interpretation on politically or economically significant questions.” The rule certainly seems to be economically significant. Given that 32 states accounting for two-thirds of the U.S. population have refused to establish Exchanges, the rule would result in more than a half-trillion dollars in unauthorized tax credits, subsidies, and penalties against employers and individuals. 

On December 6, the Congressional Budget Office issued a letter that devastates the Obama administration’s defense of the IRS rule. Most media outlets misinterpreted the letter’s significance. I clarified the matter in this oped for Reuters.

On December 13, the chairmen of the House committees on Ways & Means and Oversight & Government Reform, who have held hearings on the IRS rule, sent a letter to Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner requesting unredacted versions of documents relating to the development of the rule. The House Oversight committee has previously threatened to subpoena the documents if the agency is not forthcoming.

Free Trade in Health Insurance

Yesterday, Alberto Mingardi said the following in a post on this blog: 

Holland has now a universal health care system financed through competing insurance companies.

This raises an issue I’ve been thinking about for a while now:  Why don’t we have free trade in health insurance?  We can buy cars that are made outside of the United States, and most people would agree that we are better off as a result.  So why not let Americans buy health insurance from foreign insurance companies?

In terms of the law and policy, I confess that I’m not completely sure how the system works, and why exactly people can’t use one of these Dutch health insurance companies, or companies of some other nationality.  But my impression is that, with a few exceptions, cross-border trade in health insurance does not happen here in America.  Before coming to Cato, I was in the individual health insurance market, and it was pretty clear that my health insurance options were limited to a few companies, and none of these companies were foreign. 

I have little doubt that we would be better off with free trade in health insurance, just like we are with (relatively) free trade in cars.  Trade would mean that the health insurance industry has more competition, and consumers would benefit as a result. 

There’s lots of talk about how to bring health care costs down.  Why not give free trade in health insurance a try?

The Flaw in Conservative Pragmatism

Blog posts do not necessarily do justice to a thinker. But trying to shrink your thoughts in a limited space is a good exercise for a thinker indeed: synthesis forces you to select, cut, and clarify.

Bruce Bartlett now blogs at the New York Times Economix blog. One of his latest pieces is “A Conservative Case for the Welfare State”. Such a case has been made in the past too: most prominently, by the intellectual leader of neo-conservatives, Irving Kristol, who wanted the welfare state to be put at the service of conservatives “principles.”

Bartlett’s endorsement of the welfare state is quite different. He doesn’t attempt to steer welfare paternalism in a conservative direction. He defends the welfare state qua the welfare state and maintains that Conservatives—or better to say: Republicans—should do likewise because “Republican presidents from Dwight D. Eisenhower through George H.W. Bush accepted the legitimacy of the welfare state and sought to manage it properly and fund it adequately”. Conservatism has often been described as politics without a theory, but arguments ex authoritate making an appeal to politicians rather than to philosophers are somewhat novel, particularly when the names named are those of Eisenhower and of Bush Sr., neither of whom appeared to have a particularly coherent political vision.

Bartlett comes out against policies that, following the late Milton Friedman, are not trying to remove the welfare state from the political scene, but rather trying to reshape it to make it more effective. Neither social security “privatization” nor “school vouchers” would override compulsory savings or compulsory education. They would just introduce some competitive elements in the system, bringing us back to a point that wasn’t made by any arch-conservative Republican but by the common patron saint of all families of contemporary liberalism: John Stuart Mill.

Can ObamaCare Prevent Massacres Like Newtown?

The Deseret News reports:

Experts Say Medicaid Expansion Will Prevent Massacres like Sandy Hook

[…]

In the wake of last week’s tragic school shooting in Newtown, Conn., many are starting to point the finger at U.S. government programs like Medicaid, saying those programs need to be expanded to prevent future tragedies.

There is room for doubt. First, Connecticut already has one of the most expansive Medicaid programs in the country.

Second, government programs hardly seem a model of mental health care. Consider this Los Angeles Times item from 2011:

A federal appeals court Tuesday lambasted the Department of Veterans Affairs for failing to care for those suffering post-traumatic stress disorder and ordered a major overhaul of the behemoth agency.

Treatment delays for PTSD and other combat-related mental illnesses are so “egregious” that they violate veterans’ constitutional rights and contribute to the despair behind many of the 6,500 suicides among veterans each year, the U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals said in its 2-1 ruling.

Or consider this account of the Veterans Administration by a veteran of Iraq and Afghanistan:

Yet, even in the darkest days of my own post-traumatic stress, when I was considering choosing between making my suicide look like an accident or taking a swan dive off some beautiful bridge, I never considered going to the V.A. for help.

My image of the V.A., formed while I was on active duty, was of an ineffective, uncaring institution. Tales circulated among my fellow Marines of its institutional indifference, and those impressions were confirmed when I left Iraq for home.

Or just Google terms like “veterans mental health failure.”