In “real” space, self-regulation of a number of different types has grown up. These include:
- Regulation of electrical appliances and equipment through the Underwriters Laboratories.
- Green Seal, which develops standards for environmentally sound products.
- Certifications for kosher and halal food.
- Financial rating services, such as Dun & Bradstreet and Moody’s.
- The MPAA motions picture ratings, the Comics Code, and the Recreational Software Advisory Council.
Some of these systems of self-regulation arrived in response to varying degrees of government pressure, including the MPAA ratings and proposals for self-regulation on privacy. The blacklisting of spammer Internet Service Providers by anti-spam groups like the Open Relay Blocking System and the MAPS Realtime Blackhole list, is a good example of purely private, market driven conduct.