More important, the report contained significant new methodologies that are central to the debate over personal retirement accounts.
The trustees now measure Social Security’s deficits over the infinite horizon, providing remedies to the previous 75‐year scoring window that substantially understates the costs of the current program and overstates the costs of personal account plans. Under this new perpetuity benchmark, the present value of Social Security’s cash flow shortfalls totals $11.9 trillion, versus only $4.9 trillion over 75 years. To cover Social Security’s cash deficits permanently would demand an immediate tax increase equal to 4.47 percent of payroll.
The 2003 report also includes a “stochastic analysis” accounting for the variability of the economic and demographic factors affecting Social Security’s finances, finding there is less than a 1‐in‐40 chance of Social Security remaining solvent for even 75 years without reform.
The 2003 Trustees Report shows that Social Security’s cash deficits are large, growing, and unlikely to fix themselves without action. Only personal account proposals have been certified to eliminate Social Security’s multitrillion dollar cash shortfalls.
