November 30, 2012 11:15AM 

# Where’s Iran’s Money? 

By [Steve H. Hanke](https://www.cato.org/people/steve-h-hanke) 

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Since I first [estimated Iran’s hyperinflation](https://www.cato.org/hyperinflation-has-arrived-in-iran/) last month , I have received inquiries as to why I have never so much as mentioned Iran’s money supply. That’s a good question, which comes as no surprise. After all, inflations of significant degree and duration always involve a monetary expansion.

But when it comes to Iran, there is not too much one can say about its money supply, as it relates to [Iran’s recent bout of hyperinflation](https://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/panic-persia-hyperinflation-hits-iran). Iran’s money supply data are inconsistent and dated. In short, the available money supply data don’t shed much light on the current state of Iran’s inflation.

Iran mysteriously stopped publishing any sort of data on its money supply after March 2011. Additionally, Iranian officials decided to change their definition of broad money in March 2010. This resulted in a sudden drop in the *reported*[ all-important bank money](https://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/money-west-vs-east) portion of the total money supply, and, as a result, in the total. In consequence, a quick glance at the total money supply chart would have given off a false signal, suggesting a slump and significant deflationary pressures, as early as 2010

![Media Name: Iran-M2-1.png](/sites/cato.org/files/styles/pubs_2x/public/wp-content/uploads/Iran-M2-1.png?itok=PwA8FiDs) 

While very dated, at least Iran’s state money, or money produced by the central bank (monetary base, M0), is a uniform time series. The state money picture, though dated, is consistent with [a “high” inflation story](https://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/iran-down-not-out). Indeed, the monetary base was growing at an exponential rate in the years leading up to the end of the reported annual series. No annual data are available after 2010 (see the chart below).

![Media Name: Iran-M0-1.png](/sites/cato.org/files/styles/pubs_2x/public/wp-content/uploads/Iran-M0-1.png?itok=XfnDfR_Z) 

Iran is following in [Zimbabwe’s well-worn footsteps](https://www.cato.org/zimbabwes-four-year-anniversary-from-hyperinflation-to-growth/), trying to throw a shroud of secrecy over the country’s monetary statistics, and ultimately its inflation problems. Fortunately for us, the availability of [black-market exchange-rate data](https://www.cato.org/irans-lying-exchange-rates/) has allowed for a [reliable estimate](https://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj29n2/cj29n2-8.pdf) of Iran’s inflation—casting light on its [death spiral](https://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/irans-death-spiral-ii).

##### Related Tags 

[Defense and Foreign Policy](https://www.cato.org/defense-foreign-policy), [Iran](https://www.cato.org/iran) 

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