March 1, 2007 4:00PM 

# Updated Cost of REAL ID/​National ID 

By [Jim Harper](https://www.cato.org/people/jim-harper) 

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$17 billion.

Source: [Department of Homeland Security](http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/nprm_realid.pdf) (page 106).

##### Related Tags 

[Defense and Foreign Policy](https://www.cato.org/defense-foreign-policy), [Constitutional Law](https://www.cato.org/constitutional-law), [Technology and Privacy](https://www.cato.org/technology-privacy), [Robert A. Levy Center for Constitutional Studies](https://www.cato.org/robert-levy-center-constitutional-studies) 

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