<<  <  >  >>

25. Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America,

Massacre," Policy Review, November­December

vol. 1, ed. Phillips Bradley (New York: Vintage

1998, www.policyreview.org/nov98/busing.html.

Classics, 1990), p. 94.

43. Ibid.

26. Horace Mann, The Republic and the School,

44. James T. Patterson, Brown v. Board of Education:

comp. Lawrence A. Cremin (New York: Teachers

A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy (New

College Press, 1957), p. 87.

York: Oxford University Press, 2001), pp. 168­69.

27. Ibid., p. 112.

45. Linda Darling-Hammond, "Education, Equity,

28. Ibid., pp. 58­59.

and the Right to Learn," in Goodlad and McMan-

non, p. 43.

29. Urban and Wagoner, pp. 172­73.

46. de Tocqueville, vol. 2, p. 105.

30. Michael B. Katz, "The Origins of Public

Education: A Reassessment," in The Social History of

47. Peter D. Salins, Assimilation American Style

American Education, ed. B. Edward McClellan and

(New York: Basic Books, 1997), p. 53.

William J. Reese (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois

48. Michael Barone, The New Americans: How the

Press, 1988), p. 110.

Melting Pot Can Work Again (Washington: Regnery,

31. de Tocqueville, p. 94.

2001).

32. David B. Tyack, The One Best System: A History of

49. David E. Campbell, "Making Democratic

American Urban Education (Cambridge, MA: Harvard

Education Work: Schools, Social Capital, and Civic

University Press, 1974), p. 17.

Education," Education Next, Fall 2001, Table 1,

www.educationnext.org/unabridged/20013/camp

33. Lloyd P. Jorgenson, The State and the Non-Public

bell.html.

School: 1825­1925 (Columbia, MO: University of

Missouri Press, 1987), pp. 76­83.

50. Ibid., Table 4.

34. Ibid., pp. 187­204.

51. Ibid., Table 5.

35. Quoted in PBS, "School: the Story of Ameri-

52. Jay P. Greene and Nicole Mellow, Integration

can Public Education," www.pbs.org/kcet/public

Where It Counts: A Study of Racial Integration in Public

school/innovators/cubberley.html.

and Private School Lunchrooms, www.heartland.org/

pdf/21144f.pdf#search=%22integration%20where

36. Averaged for 12-year periods using data from

%20it%20counts%22.

"Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections," The

American Presidency Project, www.presidency.ucsb

53. Claudio Sapelli, "The Chilean Education

.edu/data/turnout.php.

Voucher System," in What America Can Learn from

School Choice in Other Countries, ed. David Salisbury

37. John Dewey, Democracy and Education (New

and James Tooley (Washington: Cato Institute,

York: Barnes and Noble, 2005), p. 280.

2005), pp. 48­54.

38. Ibid., pp. 95­96.

54. Zelman, Superintendent of Public Instruction of

Ohio, et al. v. Simmons-Harris et al., 536 U.S. 639

39. Diane Ravitch, Left Back: A Century of Battles

(2002).

over School Reform (New York: Touchstone, 2000),

pp. 173­74.

55. Andrew Coulson, "Market Education and Its

Critics: Testing School Choice Criticisms against

40. Brian L. Carpenter, "Urban Catholic Schools

the International Evidence," in Salisbury and

Excel Academically, Struggle Financially," School

Tooley, p. 160.

Reform News, April 1, 2005.

56. Greg Forster, "Freedom frrom Racial Barriers:

41. Calculated by dividing Catholic-school enroll-

The Empirical Evidence on Vouchers and Seg-

ment by 1965 total elementary and secondary

regation," School Choice Issues in Depth, September

enrollment in U.S. Department of Education,

2006.

Digest of Education Statistics, 2005, Table 3, nces.

ed.gov/programs/digest/d05/tables/dt05_003

57. Andrew Coulson, Forging Consensus, http://www.

.asp.

mackinac.org/article.aspx?ID=6517, April 2004.

42. Quoted in Matthew Richer, "Busing's Boston

58. Charles J. Dean, "Evolution Disclaimer to Stay

54