<<  <  >  >>

Inadequately Investigated and Treated?" British

Canada," New England Journal of Medicine 349, no.

Medical Journal 319, no. 7205 (July 31, 1999):

8, (August 21, 2003): 768­75.

309­12. Also see Graham L. Sutton, "Will You

72. See the American Medical Association, Center

Still Need Me, Will You Still Screen Me, When I'm

for Health Policy Research, "The Administrative

Past 64?" British Medical Journal 316, no. 7147

Burden of Health Insurance on Physicians," SMS

(June 13, 1998): 1829.

Report 3, no. 2 (1989).

81. Martyn R. Partridge, "Thoracic Surgery in a

73. Mark Litow and the Technical Committee of the

Crisis," British Medical Journal (February 16, 2001):

Council for Affordable Health Insurance, "Rhetoric

376­77.

vs. Reality: Comparing Public and Private Health

82. Colin M. Feek et al., "Experience with

Care Administrative Costs," Council for Affordable

Rationing Health Care in New Zealand," British

Health Insurance, March 1994.

Medical Journal 318, no. 7194 (May 15, 1999):

74. For a discussion, see Michael Lowe, Ian H.

1346­48.

Kerridge, and Kenneth R Mitchell, "`These Sorts

83. Gerard Anderson and Peter Hussey, "Health and

of People Don't Do Very Well': Race and

Population Aging: A Multinational Comparison,"

Allocation of Health Care Resources," Journal of

Commonwealth Fund, October 1999.

Medical Ethics 21, no. 6 (December 1995).

84. Pedro P. Barros, "The Black Box of Health

75. See Gary S. Becker, The Economics of Discrimination,

Care Expenditure Growth Determinants," Health

2nd edition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press,

Economics 7, no. 6 (September 1, 1998): 533­44.

1971).

Of two countries with the same GDP, the country

76. Aboriginal people have less access to health care ser-

with the faster-growing economy will likely have

vices than other Canadians because of geographic

the higher expenditure. See R. Mark Wilson,

location and a shortage of personnel trained to meet

"Medical Care Expenditures and GDP Growth in

their needs. See Harriet L. MacMillan et al., "Aboriginal

OECD Nations," American Association of Behavioral

Health," Canadian Medical Association Journal 155, no.

and Social Sciences Journal 2 (Fall 1999): 159­71.

11, (December 1, 1996): 1569­78. Also see "CMA's

85. Joseph Newhouse, "Medical Care Expen-

Submission to the Royal Commission on Aboriginal

diture: A Cross-National Survey," Journal of

Peoples," in Bridging the Gap: Promoting Health and

Human Resources 12 (1977): 115­25; and Joseph

Healing for Aboriginal Peoples in Canada (Ottawa:

Newhouse et al., "Some Interim Results from a

Canadian Medical Association, 1994), pp. 9­17;

Controlled Trial of Cost-Sharing in Health

Aboriginal Health in Canada (Ottawa: Medical Services

Insurance," New England Journal of Medicine,

Branch, Health Canada, 1994); and Vincent F.

December 17, 1981.

Tookenay, "Improving the Health Status of Aboriginal

People  in  Canada:  New  Directions,  New

86. Kanavos and Mossialos, "The Methodology of

Responsibilities," Canadian Medical Association Journal

International Comparisons of Health Care

155, no. 11 (December 1, 1996): 1581­83.

Expenditures."

77. MacMillan et al., "Aboriginal Health."

87. "OECD Health Systems: Facts and Trends

1960­1991," Organization for Economic Cooper-

78. Lisa Macdonald, "Maori/Non-Maori Lives: The

ation and Development, 1993.

Widening Gap," Green Left Weekly, no. 326, July 29,

1998,  http://jinx.sistm.unsw.edu.au/~greenlft/

88. Towse and Sussex, "Getting UK Health Care

1998/326/326p23b.htm; and Michele Grigg and

Expenditure Up to the European Union Mean."

Ben Macrae, "Tikanga Oranga Hauora" (Health

Trends), Ministry of Maori Development,

89. Martin Hensher, Nigel Edwards, and Rachel

Wellington, New Zealand, Whakapakari no. 4., 2000,

Stokes, "The Hospital of the Future: Internation-

www.tpk.govt.nz/ maori/education/tohtrend.pdf.

al Trends in the Provision and Utilization of

Hospital Care," British Medical Journal, September

79. "The Health and Welfare of Australia's

25, 1999, pp. 845­48.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Peoples,"

Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2000. For similar

90. Gwen Gray, "Access to Medical Care under

trends in health care for New Zealand's Maori pop-

Strain: New Pressures in Canada and Australia,"

ulation, see "Our Health, Our Future: The Health of

Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 23, no. 6

New Zealanders 1999," New Zealand Ministry of

(December 1998): 905­47.

Health, 1999; and "Maori Health," Healthcare

Review--Online 2, no. 4 (December 1997).

91. Marcia Angell et al., "Physicians' Working

Group on Single-Payer National Health Insurance,

80. Nicola J. Turner et al., "Cancer in Old Age: Is It

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