57. Christopher Marquis, "Helms and Lieberman
Institute and an interview with its president, Dr.
Seek to Aid Dissidents in Cuba," New York Times,
Ricardo Montero Martínez. In answer to a friendly
May 16, 2001.
question, officials at the institute said that, no, the
institute was not engaged in germ warfare prepara-
58. The Cuban Solidarity Act of 2001, http://foreign.
tions. In support of this, it may be noted that the
senate.gov/solidarity.html.
United States makes no charges against Cuba in
the chemical and biological warfare arena.
59. See Andrew Reding, "Playing into Castro's
Hands," Washington Post, May 23, 2001, p. A33.
50. Joe Sharkey, "Business Travel; Trips to Cuba
for Commercial Reasons Are Increasingly Becom-
60. "Washington Has Lost Its War against Cuba,"
ing a Reality for Americans," New York Times,
Granma International, electronic edition, May 25,
January 10, 2001.
2001.
51. Florida International University, Institute for
61. "Crean la sociedad de periodistas independi-
Public Opinion Research, "2000 FIU/Cuba Poll."
entes `Marquez Sterling,'" El Nuevo Herald, June 1,
These polls, conducted every three or so years by
2001.
FIU, give by far the most detailed picture available
of the views of the Cuban-American community
62. Pedro Pablo Alvarez Ramos and Hector
in South Florida. See http://www.fiu.edu/orgs/
Palacios Ruíz, "Aid We'd Rather Not Receive,"
ipor/cuba2000/index.html.
New York Times, June 18, 2001, p. A16.
52. Exact remittances are impossible to calculate
63. Huddleston.
since the amount sent or delivered almost cer-
tainly far exceeds the amount that is legally per-
64. "UN Human Rights Body Faults Iran," New
missible. The figure of $800 million is from
York Times, April 20, 2001.
Huddleston. The $1 billion is estimated in
Encuentro en la Red, May 30, 2001.
65. Quoted in Charles Babington, "Bush Calls for
Open Economies in Latin America," Washington
53. Former citizens of Cuba returning to visit the
Post, April 20, 2001. See also Randall Mikkelsen,
island must do so on their Cuban passports. They
"Bush Stands Firm on Cuba Sanctions, Slams
are not counted in the statistics on foreign visi-
Castro," Reuters, May 18, 2001.
tors, and they are subject to arbitrary treatment
by the Cuban government.
66. Ratliff and Fontaine, pp. 5256, suggest the
possibility of a Chinese-style state-guided but seri-
54. David Gonzales, "Cuban Exiles Mark a Painful
ous market-oriented reform program.
Anniversary in Miami," New York Times, April 23, 2001,
p. A7. See also Florida International University.
67. See Federal Register 64 no. 92 (May 13, 1999):
25808-20.
55. Carol Rosenberg, "Former Southcom Chief
on Tour in Cuba," Miami Herald, February 14,
68. George Gedda (Associated Press), "Cuba
2001; and an internal report on the issues covered
Muses about North Korea's Power," Washington
at the meetings.
Post, October 24, 2000.
56. Karen DeYoung, "More U.S. Aid Sought for
69. Ratliff and Fontaine, esp. pp. 1415, 3035.
Cuban Dissidents," Washington Post, March 8, 2001.
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