Management: More Emphasis Needed on
Pork Barrel Politics and America's Treasures
(Merrillville, Ind.: ICS Books, 1994), p. 108.
Declining and Overstocked Grazing Allotments,"
GAO/RCED-88-80, 1988.
31. The Multiple-Use Sustained Yield Act of 1960
says: "It is the policy of the Congress that the
19. Lance Clark and R. Neil Sampson, Forest Ecosystem
national forests are established and shall be
Health in the Inland West: A Science and Policy Reader
administered for outdoor recreation, range, tim-
(Washington: Forest Policy Center, American Forests,
ber, watershed, and wildlife and fish purposes.
1995), pp. 2, 5, cited in Nelson, "How and Why to
`Multiple Use' means the management of all the
Transfer BLM Lands to the States," p. 4.
various renewable surface resources of the nation-
20. U.S. General Accounting Office, "Western
al forests so they are utilized in the combination
National Forests: A Cohesive Strategy Is Needed
that will best meet the needs of the American peo-
to Address Catastrophic Wildfire Threats,"
ple." Quoted in Cubbage, O'Laughlin, and
GAO/RCED-99-65, 1999, p. 29.
Bullock, p. 19.
32. Terry Anderson and Donald Leal, Enviro-
21. Fretwell.
Capitalists: Doing Good While Doing Well (Lanham,
22. Organic Act, 16 U.S.C.A. 1, 1 (1916).
Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 1997).
23. Charles Kay, "The Yellowstone Dilemma: Part 1,"
33. Ibid., pp. 4446.
Bugle 1, no. 1 (1984): 3033; idem, "Yellowstone's
34. Robert Nelson, Public Lands and Private Rights:
Northern Elk Herd: A Critical Evaluation of the `Natural
The Failure of Scientific Management (Lanham, Md.:
Regulation' Paradigm," Ph.D. diss., Utah State
Rowman & Littlefield, 1995).
University, Logan, 1990; idem, "Aspen Seedlings in
Recently Burned Areas in Grand Teton and Yellowstone
35. Nelson, "How and Why to Transfer BLM
National Parks," Northwest Science, no.67(1993):94104;
Lands to the States," p. 4.
idem, "The Impact of Native Ungulates and Beaver on
Riparian Communities in the Intermountain West,"
36. Paul W. Gates, History of Public Land Law
Natural Resources and Environmental Issues, no. 1 (1994):
Development (Washington: Government Printing
2344; idem, "Browsing by Native Ungulates: Effects on
Office, 1968), p. 395.
Shrub and Seed Production in the Greater Yellowstone
Ecosystem," Proceedings of the Wildland Shrub and
37. Ibid., p. 67.
Arid Land Restoration Symposium, in U.S. Forest Service
General Technical Report, ed. B. A. Roundy et al., INT-315,
38. See Richard Gordon and Peter VanDoren,
1995, pp. 31020; idem, "Viewpoint: Ungulate
"Two Cheers for the 1872 Mining Law," Cato
Herbivory, Willows, and Political Ecology in Yellow-
Institute Policy Analysis no. 300, April 9, 1998,
stone," Journal of Range Management, no. 50 (1997):
pp. 1821.
13945; and idem, "Yellowstone: Ecological Malprac-
tice," PERC Report 15, no. 2 (June 1997): 139.
39. Marion Clawson, The Federal Lands Revisited
(Baltimore: Resources for the Future, 1983), pp.
24. Quoted in ibid., p. 30.
200224.
25. Karl Hess Jr., Rocky Times in Rocky Mountain
40. Ibid., p. 216.
National Park (Niwot: University Press of Colorado,
1993), p. 33.
41. See, for instance, Nelson, "How and Why to
Transfer BLM Lands to the States."
26. Ibid., p. 60.
42. Ibid., pp. 2432; and Leal.
27. Ibid., p. 97.
43. Randal O'Toole, "Should Congress Transfer
28. John Mitchell, "Our National Parks: Legacy at
Federal Lands to the States?" Cato Institute Policy
Risk," National Geographic, October 1994, p. 54.
Analysis no. 276, July 3, 1997, p. 1.
29. Michael Jeffrey, "Public Lands Reform: A Reluctant
44. Jon Souder and Sally Fairfax, State Trust Lands
Leap into the Abyss," VirginiaEnvironmentalLawJournal
(Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1995). See also
16 (1996): 79143; and Dennis Herman, "Loving
Terry L. Anderson and Holly Lippke Fretwell, "A
Them to Death: Legal Controls on the Type and Scale
Trust for Grand StaircaseEscalante," PERC Policy
of Development in the National Parks," Stanford
Study PS-16, Bozeman, Mont., 1999.
Environmental Law Journal, no. 11 (1992): 367.
45. For a full discussion of how such a plan might
30. James Ridenour, The National Parks Compromised:
23