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Page 46

20. Evans, pp. 36, 91, 146; and John Adams, Risk and

Freedom: The Record of Road Safety Legislation (London:

Transport Publishing Projects, 1985), p. 6.

21. John Durant, "Overcoming the Fear of Flying with Joe-

Public as Co-Pilot," Times Higher Education Supplement,

March 14, 1997.  "Us" in the context refers, I presume, to

his scientific audience at the Royal Society, not the lay

public.

22. Evans, p. 362, contains a summary of the argument set

out in L. Evans, M. C. Frick, and R. C. Schwing, "Is It

Safer to Fly or Drive?--A Problem in Risk Communication,"

Risk Analysis 10 (1990): 259-68.

23. F. Weinberg, Letter to Times (London), December 28,

1996.

24. In Britain in 1971, 80 percent of 7- and 8-year-old

children got to school unaccompanied by an adult; by 1990

this number had fallen to 9 percent, with parents giving

fear of traffic as the principal reason for curbing their

children's freedom.  M. Hillman, J. Adams, and J.

Whitelegg, One False Move: A Study of Children's

Independent Mobility (London: Policy Studies Institute,

1990).

25. In Britain in the late 1980s, the Department of

Transport distributed a leaflet ("A Lesson for Life:

Teaching Road Safety for Parents of 1-15 Year Olds") in

primary schools, advising parents that it would irresponsi-

ble to allow any child under the age of 12 out of the

house unaccompanied by an adult.

26. Dr. John Snow mapped the new cases of cholera in an

outbreak in London in 1849.  The focus of the cluster was

the Broad Street well in Soho.  The pump handle was

removed and the outbreak subsided.

27. On the State of the Public Health, p. 8.

28. Royal Society, Risk: Analysis, Perception and

Management (London: Royal Society, 1992), p. 1.

29. According to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, the

attempt to measure the location of a particle alters its

position in an unpredictable way.

30. Quoted on "Anxiety Attack," BBC2, June 11, 1997.