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82. Spitz left Johnstone in 1989. Since then he has pub-
lished several papers on the Abecedarian Project, including
Herman H. Spitz, "Some Questions about the Results of the
Abecedarian Early Intervention Project Cited by the APA Task
Force on Intelligence," American Psychologist 52, no. 1
(January 1997): 72; Herman H. Spitz, "When Prophecy Fails:
On Ramey's Response to Spitz's Critique of the Abecedarian
Project," Intelligence 17 (1993): 1723; Herman H. Spitz,
"Spitz's Reply to Ramey's Response to Spitz's First Reply
to Ramey's First Response to Spitz's Critique of the
Abecedarian Project," Intelligence 17 (1993): 3135;
Herman H. Spitz, "Early Educational Intervention Research
and Cronbach's Two Disciplines of Scientific Psychology,"
Intelligence 17 (1993): 25155; Herman H. Spitz, "Does the
Carolina Abecedarian Early Intervention Project Prevent
Sociocultural Mental Retardation?" Intelligence 16 (1992):
22537; and Herman H. Spitz, "Commentary on Locurto's
'Beyond IQ in Preschool Programs?'" Intelligence 15
(1991): 32733.
83. Spitz, "Does the Carolina Abecedarian Early
Intervention Project Prevent Sociocultural Mental
Retardation?" pp. 22829.
84. Spitz, "Some Questions about the Results of the
Abecedarian Early Intervention Project Cited by the APA
Task Force on Intelligence," p. 72.
85.
Ibid.
86. Spitz, "Spitz's Reply to Ramey's Response to Spitz's
First Reply to Ramey's First Response to Spitz's Critique
of the Abecedarian Project," p. 35.
87. For example, Spitz explains that mothers of the
experimental group were present at the testing and assist-
ed in the administration of some tests. That means that
the mothers may have provided their children with practice
on some of the test items. Spitz, "Does the Carolina
Abecedarian Early Intervention Project Prevent
Sociocultural Mental Retardation?" pp. 23132.
88. Project CARE and the Infant Health and Development
Program are similarly structured studies, but they have
not followed participating children into adolescence or
early adulthood. See Craig T. Ramey and Sharon Landesman
Ramey, "Prevention of Intellectual Disabilities: Early
Interventions to Improve Cognitive Development," Preventive
Medicine 27 (1998): 224-32.
89.
Haskins, p. 277.