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(Denver, CO: DRCOG, 2005), p. 113, tinyurl.com

68. "More Than One-Third Say Traffic Congestion

/yvqzte.

Is a Serious Problem in Their Community," Harris

Polls, February 22, 2007, tinyurl.com/2veece.

83. OKI 2030 Regional Transportation Plan (Cincin-

nati, OH: Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Regional Coun-

69. Schrank and Lomax, p. 1, tinyurl.com/2xdqth.

cil, 2001), p. 7-6.

70. Legacy 2035 (St. Louis, MO: East-West Gateway

84. OKI 2030 Regional Transportation Plan 2004 Update

Coordinating Council, 2007), p. 102, tinyurl.com

(Cincinnati, OH: Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Regional

/yqk8ma.

Council, 2004), p. 8-6.

71. 2005 National Transit Database, tables 1 (operat-

85. Ibid., p. 8-8.

ing funds and fares) and 5 (capital funds);

Highway Statistics 2006 (Washington: Department

86. Transportation Redefined II (St. Louis, MO: East-

of Transportation, 2007), Table HF10. Highway

West Gateway Coordinating Council, 2000), pp.

subsidies are calculated by subtracting diversions

13, 19; Legacy 2035 (St. Louis, MO), p. 90.

of highway user fees to transit and nonhighway

purposes from property, income, and other taxes

87. Metropolitan Transportation Plan (Sacramento,

and dividing the remainder by the total expendi-

CA), p. 17.

ture on highways.

88. Ibid., pp. 22­23.

72. A Review of the Transportation Prioritization

Process (Salt Lake City, UT: Legislative Auditor

89. Transportation 2030 Plan for the San Francisco Bay

General, 2007), pp. 5­6, tinyurl.com/35uw36.

Area (Oakland, CA: Metropolitan Transportation

Commission, 2005), p. 64, www.mtc.ca.gov/plan

73. Ibid., p. 7.

ning/2030_plan/downloads/final_2030_plan/5-

Investments_T2030Plan.pdf.

74. Ibid., p. 1.

90. Ibid., p. 65.

75. Minutes to November 26, 2007 meeting, Salt

Lake County Council of Governments, p. 4, tiny

91. 2035 Metro Vision Regional Transportation Plan

url.com/2jyfax.

(Denver, CO: DRCOG, 2007), pp. 20­23.

76. A Performance Audit of the Utah Transit Authority

92. 2004 Regional Transportation Plan (Portland,

(UTA) (Salt Lake City, UT: Legislative Auditor

OR), p. 1-1.

General, 2008), p. 54, tinyurl.com/2aj5bw.

93. Regional Framework Plan (Portland, OR: Metro,

77. Brandon Loomis, "New TRAX Passenger

1997), p. 23.

Tracking System Shows Ridership Lower Than

Thought," Salt Lake Tribune, December 19, 2007.

94. Southern California Compass Growth Vision Report

(Los Angeles, CA: Southern California Association

78. Charles A. Lave, "The Mass Transit Panacea

of Governments, 2004), pp. 81, 88, 91.

and Other Fallacies about Energy," The Atlantic

Monthly, October, 1979, www.theatlantic.com/

95. 2035 Metro Vision Regional Transportation Plan

doc/197910/197910.

(Denver, CO), p. 123; 2004 Regional Transportation

Plan (Portland, OR), p. 5-4.

79. Randal O'Toole, Does Rail Transit Save

Energy or Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions?

96. The Relationship between Air Quality and Urban

Cato Institute Policy Analysis no. 615, April 14,

Development Patterns: Analysis and Prospectus for

2008, tables 1 and 5.

Sensitivity Testing (Denver, CO: DRCOG, 1977), pp. 24,

26.

80. 2004 Regional Transportation Plan (Portland,

OR: Metro, 2004), p. 5-6, tinyurl.com/ywj3dj.

97. Ibid., p. 16.

81. Transit's current share of passenger miles is

98. Ibid., p. 14.

calculated from 2005 Highway Statistics, Table

HM72 (with vehicle miles multiplied by 1.6 to get

99. TSM Sensitivity Report: An Analysis of the Potential

passenger miles), and 2005 National Transit

for Transportation System Management Strategies in

Database, Table 19. The increase in transit's share

the Denver Area (Denver, CO: DRCOG, 1979), p. ii.

of passenger miles is assumed to be proportional

to the increase in transit's share of trips.

100. An Evaluation of Designated Regional Activity

Centers in the Denver Metropolitan Area (Denver, CO:

82. 2030 Metro Vision Regional Transportation Plan

27