150. Booyeon Lee, "Help Wanted: Is Immigration
135. Shikha Dalmia, "The UAW's Health-Care
the Answer to the Shrinking Labor Force," Ashai
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136. M. Ryan Baker, "Japan and Massachusetts: A
151. Waiting lists and rationing in Norway have
Comparison of Universal Health Care Systems,"
become sufficiently bad that, in 2000, the govern-
Missouri Foundation for Health, Spring 2006.
ment launched the Patient Bridge Project to facilitate
137. Naoki Ikagami and John Campbell, "Japan's
the treatment of Norwegian patients in private hos-
Health Care System: Containing Costs and Attempt-
pitals in neighboring countries. G. Bottom, S.
ing Reform," Health Affairs 23 (2004): 2934.
Grepperud, and S. M. Neiland, "Trading Practices:
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Through," Health Affairs 18 (Fall 1999): 5675.
152. Jan Roth Johnsen, Health Systems in Transition:
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139. Ibid.
tory on Health Systems and Policies, 2006).
140. "The Doctor's Dilemma," The Economist, June
153. "Tax Revenues on the Rise in Many OECD
10, 2004.
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11, 2006; http://www.finfacts.com/irelandbusiness
141. Jeong Hyoung-Sun and Jeremy Hurst, "An
news/publish/article_10007581.shtml.
Assessment of the Performance of the Japanese
Health Care System," OECD Labour Market and
154. Ibid.
Social Policy Occasional Paper no. 56, 2001.
155. Johnsen, Health Systems in Transition: Norway.
142. OECD, "OECD Health Data 2007: Statistics
and Indicators for 30 Countries."
156. Michael Moore, Remarks before the Washing-
ton, D.C., premiere of SiCKO, June 20, 2007.
143. Aki Yoshikawa and Jayanata Bhattacharya,
"Japan," in World Health Systems: Challenges and
157. Johnsen, Health Care Systems in Transition: Norway.
Perspectives, eds. Bruce Fried and Laura Gaydos
158. Terje Hagen and Oddvar Kaarboe, "The Nor-
(Chicago: Health Administration Press, 2002).
wegian Hospital Reform of 2002: Central Govern-
144. Ikagami and Campbell, "Health Care Reform
ment Takes Over Ownership of Public Hospitals,"
in Japan: The Virtues of Muddling Through."
Health Organization Research Norway (HORN)
Working Paper no. 1 (2004).
145. Bill Ross et al., "International Approaches to
Funding Health Care," [Australia] Commonwealth
159. Paul van den Noord, Terje Hagen, and Tor
Department of Health and Ageing Occasional
Iversen, "The Norwegian Health Care System," OECD
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146. W. C. Hsiao, "Afterward Costs--The Macro
160. Johnsen, Health Care Systems in Transition: Norway.
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161. H. Piene, P. Nyen, and H. Hauge, "Waiting Lists
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data, the general conclusions have been endorsed
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by more recent authors: Ikagami and Campbell,
Society for Technological Assessment of Health Care,
"Health Care Reform in Japan: The Virtues of
Unimed, Norway, 1997.
Muddling Through"; Ross et al., "International
Approaches to Funding Health Care."
162. Christine Furuholmen and Jon Magnussen,
Health Care Systems in Transition: Norway (Copen-
147. Rihito Kimura, "Bioethics and Japanese
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Health Care," Washington-Japan Journal 3 (1994): 2.
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148 Takayama, "Japan's Never-Ending Social
163. Luigi Siciliani and Jeremy Hurst, "Explaining
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149. Christian Hagist and Laurence J. Kotlikoff,
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Paper no. 7, October 2003.
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Study no. 286, June 28, 2006.
42