34. John Charles and Michael Barton, The Mythical
19. Yardley.
World of Transit-Oriented Development: Light Rail and the
20. Federal Transit Administration, "Service Supplied
Orenco Neighborhood, Cascade Policy Institute,
and Consumed," National Transit Database
Portland, Oregon, April 2003, tinyurl. com/2kh6s.
(Washington: U.S. Department of Transportation,
35. Randy Gragg, "The New Urbanism: Laboratory
various years); Federal Highway Administration,
Portland," The Oregonian, June 11, 2000, p. E10.
Highway Statistics (Washington: U.S. Department of
Transportation, various years), table HM72.
36. Bruce Podobnik, "Portland Neighborhood Survey
Report on Findings from Zone 2: Orenco" (Portland,
21. U.S. Census Bureau, 1970 Census, table 82,
Oregon, Lewis & Clark College, 2002), p. 1,
"means of transportation to work," for urbanized
tinyurl.com/2hhmwo.
areas; U.S. Census Bureau, 1980 Census, table
118, "means of transportation to work," for
37. Kennedy Smith, "Cascade Station Stops Short
urbanized areas.
of New Urbanism," Daily Journal of Commerce,
December 5, 2005.
22. U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 Census, table P049,
"means of transportation to work," for urbanized
38. "Wandering Coyote Booted from Airport Hops
areas; U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census, table
a Train Instead," The Scoop, February 15, 2002,
P30, "means of transportation to work," for
tinyurl.com/2gmtat.
urbanized areas.
39. Jennifer Anderson, "Welcome to Portland? Many
23. Portland Business Alliance, "2005 Downtown
Eagerly Have Awaited Ikea, But Some Critics Say
Portland Business Census and Survey" pp. 3, 11,
Any Big-Box Store Is a Bad Idea," Portland Tribune,
tinyurl.com/29l38p.
March 27, 2007, tinyurl.com/38k3ke.
24. Nick Budnick, "TriMet Feels Its Own Squeeze,"
40. G. B. Arrington, "At Work in the Field of Dreams:
Portland Tribune, June 6, 2006, tinyurl. com/27t6z6.
Light Rail and Smart Growth in Portland"
(Portland, OR: TriMet, 1998), tinyurl. com/394bsd.
25. American Public Transportation Association,
"Americans Take More Than 10 Billion Trips on
41. G. B. Arrington, "Beyond the Field of Dreams,"
Public Transportation for the First Time in
TriMet, 1996, tinyurl.com/2umsjv.
Almost Fifty Years" press release, March 12, 2007,
tinyurl.com/35a36h.
42. Portland Office of Transportation, "Portland
Streetcar Development Oriented Transit," 2006,
26. American Public Transportation Association,
p. 1.
"APTA Transit Ridership Report: Fourth Quarter
2006," p. 25, tinyurl.com/2kgt8y.
43. Hal Bernton, "Portland Tram Takes Off," Seattle
Times, January 27, 2007.
27. Portland Metro (Metro), "Recommended Alterna-
tive Technical Appendix," 1994, transportation tables.
44. William J. Clinton, Executive Order no.
12988, Civil Justice Reform, February 5, 1996,
28. Quotes from the October 23, 1996, city council
and Executive Order no. 13006, Locating
meeting are taken from a videotape of that meeting
Federal Facilities on Historic Properties in Our
made by the city of Portland, a synopsis of which is
Nation's Central Cities, May 21, 1996; Barbara
available at tinyurl.com/2nhgnj.
Roberts, Executive Order no. 94-07, Siting State
Offices in Oregon's Community Centers, June
29. John Charles, "The Mythical World of Transit-
7, 1994.
Oriented Development," Cascade Policy Institute
Policy Perpective no. 1019, October 2001, tinyurl.
45. City of Portland, Office of Transportation, pp.
com/336pt6.
1013.
30. Ibid.
46. Charles.
31. Aaron Fentress, "Beaverton Pays to Save Round,"
47. Quoted from the October 23, 1996, city coun-
The Oregonian, July 23, 1999, p. C1.
cil meeting taken from a videotape of that meet-
ing made by the city of Portland. Transcript avail-
32. Richard Colby, "Stalled Project Gets Another
able at tinyurl.com/2nhgnj.
Chance," The Oregonian, June 13, 2001, p. C1.
48. Charles Hales and Robert Cone, "Streetcars Bring-
33. David Anderson, "Opposite Angles on the Round,"
ing People, Businesses Back to the City," HDR
The Oregonian, September 21, 2006, p. 12.
19